Which thyroid cancer is associated with radiation exposure and calcified psammoma bodies?

Papillary thyroid cancer is indeed associated with radiation exposure, particularly from ionizing radiation, which is a well-documented risk factor for the development of this type of cancer. Patients who have undergone radiation therapy to the head and neck during childhood or for other medical reasons demonstrate a higher incidence of papillary thyroid carcinoma later in life.

Additionally, papillary thyroid cancer is characterized histologically by the presence of psammoma bodies, which are calcified structures that can be observed under the microscope. These calcifications are a distinct feature of papillary thyroid carcinoma and help to differentiate it from other types of thyroid tumors.

In summary, the association of papillary thyroid cancer with radiation exposure and the presence of calcified psammoma bodies serves as a hallmark for diagnosis in patients with a relevant history of radiation exposure. This combination makes papillary thyroid cancer the correct answer to the question posed.