Which clinical symptoms are associated with Henoch-Schönlein purpura in children?

Henoch-Schönlein purpura (HSP), also known as IgA vasculitis, is a small-vessel vasculitis that is commonly seen in children. The hallmark clinical symptoms of HSP include palpable purpura, abdominal pain, arthritis or arthralgias, and renal involvement.

Palpable purpura is typically found on the buttocks and legs and is caused by vasculitis affecting the small blood vessels. Abdominal pain can occur due to mesenteric ischemia or inflammation. Joint symptoms, such as arthritis or arthralgias, are also common and usually affect the knees and ankles. Renal involvement is significant as children may develop hematuria and proteinuria due to glomerulonephritis.

Other options present symptoms that do not align with the classic presentation of Henoch-Schönlein purpura. While fever, rash, and diarrhea might seem relevant, they do not specifically represent the core symptoms associated with HSP. Similarly, thrombocytopenia, fatigue, and jaundice are not typically features of this condition and could suggest other hematologic disorders. Joint swelling, fever, and cough do not correspond to HSP either, as fever is not a primary symptom,