Which antibody is associated with systemic sclerosis?

The Scl-70 antibody, also known as anti-topoisomerase I antibody, is strongly associated with systemic sclerosis (scleroderma). This autoimmune condition is characterized by abnormal collagen deposition leading to skin thickening and internal organ involvement. The presence of Scl-70 antibodies is particularly indicative of the diffuse form of systemic sclerosis, which has a more aggressive progression compared to the limited form.

In systemic sclerosis, the immune system mistakenly attacks the body's own tissues, leading to the production of autoantibodies. Scl-70 antibodies are one of the most specific markers for this condition, as they are found in a significant proportion of patients with diffuse scleroderma and correlate with disease severity.

Other autoantibodies listed in the options serve different roles in other autoimmune diseases: Anti-La (SSB) is typically associated with Sjögren's syndrome and may also be present in lupus, while anti-Jo-1 is linked to polymyositis and dermatomyositis. Anti-histone antibodies are mainly associated with drug-induced lupus erythematosus. Therefore, understanding the specific associations between these antibodies and their corresponding diseases is crucial in diagnosing and managing autoimmune conditions effectively.