What treatment is indicated for scoliosis with a Cobb angle of 20-45 degrees?

In cases of scoliosis where the Cobb angle measures between 20 and 45 degrees, bracing is the recommended treatment. The primary goal of bracing is to prevent further curvature of the spine as the patient grows, particularly in adolescents. Braces are particularly effective when used during periods of growth, as they can provide necessary corrective support and stabilization.

This approach is based on current guidelines and clinical practice standards, which emphasize the use of bracing to manage idiopathic scoliosis within this specific angle range. The braces work by applying pressure to the spine and encouraging proper alignment, thus potentially halting the progression of the curvature.

While observation may be relevant for mild scoliosis (Cobb angle less than 20 degrees), it would not be sufficient alone for angles between 20 and 45 degrees. Similarly, surgery is typically reserved for more severe cases, usually where the Cobb angle exceeds 45 degrees or if there is significant functional impairment. Physical therapy may be beneficial for overall spinal health and to strengthen the surrounding musculature, but it is not a primary treatment modality for managing curvature in this range.

Hence, bracing stands out as the most appropriate and effective intervention for scoliosis characterized by a Cobb angle of 20-45 degrees.