Ecthyma gangrenosum is primarily associated with which bacteria?

Ecthyma gangrenosum is primarily associated with Pseudomonas aeruginosa, a gram-negative bacterium known for its role in opportunistic infections, particularly in immunocompromised individuals. This condition often arises following a bacteremia or cutaneous infection where Pseudomonas aeruginosa infiltrates the tissues, leading to the formation of distinctive, necrotic ulcers that can progress rapidly if not treated.

The hallmark of ecthyma gangrenosum is the development of painful lesions that evolve into black, gangrenous ulcers with a surrounding area of erythema. These lesions can occur in various locations on the body but are especially seen in different presentations among individuals with compromised immune systems, such as those with neutropenia, burns, or other severe underlying illnesses.

Recognizing Pseudomonas aeruginosa as the causative agent is crucial because of its unique characteristics, including its ability to produce exotoxins and form biofilms, contributing to its virulence and persistence in clinical settings. This connection highlights the importance of prompt identification and therapy targeting this pathogen, particularly in vulnerable populations.