A young boy with frequent epistaxis, easy bruising, and prolonged bleeding after minor trauma likely has which condition?

The condition most consistent with the symptoms of frequent epistaxis (nosebleeds), easy bruising, and prolonged bleeding after minor trauma is von Willebrand disease. This bleeding disorder is characterized by a deficiency or dysfunction of von Willebrand factor, which is essential for platelet adhesion and helps stabilize factor VIII in the blood.

In von Willebrand disease, patients often experience mucosal bleeding, such as nosebleeds, as well as easy bruising due to the inadequate platelet function. These symptoms align closely with the boy's presentation of frequent epistaxis and easy bruising. The prolonged bleeding after minor trauma further supports this diagnosis, as it indicates an issue with the blood's ability to clot effectively.

The other conditions listed, such as hemophilia A and Bernard-Soulier syndrome, have specific features or demographic patterns that do not as closely match the symptoms presented here. Hemophilia A typically presents with excessive bleeding after surgical procedures or trauma but is less commonly associated with easy bruising or epistaxis. Bernard-Soulier syndrome involves a more significant reduction in platelet count and larger platelets, and it usually presents with more severe bleeding issues. Factor V Leiden is a genetic mutation that primarily increases the risk of venous thrombosis rather than